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CSS Tutorials :
CSS Font
CSS font properties define the font family, style, weight, variant, line height and other characteristics such as boldness, size, and the style of the text.
In print, serif fonts such as Times New Roman are said to enhance the readability of the text. However computer monitors don't necessarily present the serifs in a way that was easy to read. It is said that sans-serif fonts such as ariel or Verdana are easier to read on electronic monitors, but for every different font there is probably a different opinions as to what works best for the web.
With the advent of higher and higher resolution monitors, it's likely that for most visitors to your web page, it won't matter which type of font you select. Recent studies about font selection have shown that there is very little difference in readability between serif and sans-serif fonts to in the end the choice of which to use is one of personal preference.
The image below illustrates the difference between a serif and sans-serif font.
Serif vs. Sans-serif Fonts
CSS Font Families
In CSS, there are two types of font family names:
- generic family - a group of font families with a similar look (like "Serif" or "Monospace")
- font family - a specific font family (like "Times New Roman" or "Arial")
| Generic family | Font family | Description |
| Serif | Times New Roman Georgia |
Serif fonts have small lines at the ends on some characters |
| Sans-serif | Arial Verdana |
"Sans" means without - these fonts do not have the lines at the ends of characters |
| Monospace | Courier New Lucida Console |
All monospace characters have the same width |
Font Families
Font families are collections of font faces, also known as typefaces. For example, Verdana is a font family that includes Verdana Bold, Verdana italic, Verdana bold italic, and so forth. Not all font families have the same number of faces.
The font family is specified with the font-family property. It's best to include several font names in the font family property in case the browser does not support the first font, it will try the second font specified in the font-family, and then the third, and then the fourth and so-fourth.
Start with the font you want, and end with a generic font family to let the browser pick a similar font in the generic family if no other fonts are available.
Note: If the name of a font family is more than one word, it must be in quotation marks, like font-family:"Times New Roman".
More than one font family is specified in a comma-separated list:
Typical Font Families:
Trebuchet MS, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif
Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, sans-serif
Times New Roman, Times, sans-serif
Tahoma, Geneve, sans-serif
Arial, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
Courier New, Courier, monospace
Tahoma, Geneva, sans-serif
Georgia, serif
Example
Example
Example
Font Style
There are three properties that affect font presentation. They include font-style, font-weight, and font-variant.
The font-style property is mostly used to specify italic text.
This property has three values
- normal - The text is shown normally
- italic - The text is shown in italics
- oblique - The text is "learning" (oblique is very similar to italic, but less supported)
If no font style is specified, the browser uses the font default which is normal un-italicized text.
Font Weight
The font-weight property is used to make the font bold.or bolder.
Font Size
The font-size property sets the size of the text
Being able to manage the text size is important in web design. However, you should not use font size adjustments to make paragraphs look like headings, or headings look like paragraphs.
The font-size value can be an absolute, or relative size
Absolute Size
- Sets the text to a specified size
- Does not allow a user to change the text size in all browsers (bad for accessibility reasons)
- Absolute size is useful when the physical size of the output is known
Relative Size:
- Sets the size relative to surrounding elements
- Allows a user to change the text size in browsers
Set Font Size with Pixels
Setting the text size with pixels, give you full control over the size of the text.
Example
h2 {font-size:30px;}
p {font-size:14px;}
The example above allows Firefox, Chrome, Safari to resize the text, but not Internet Explorer
The text can be resized in all browsers using the zoom tool (however, this resizes the entire page, not just the text).
Set Font Size with EM
To avoid a resizing problem with Internet Explorer, many developers use em instead of pixels.
The em size unit is recommended by the W3C.
One em is equal to the current font size. The default text size in browsers is 16px. So, the default size of 1em is 16 px.
The size can be calculated from pixels to em using this formula: pixels/16=em
Example
h1 {font-size:2.5em;}
h2 {font-size:1.85em;}
p {font-size:0.85em;}
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